Among interpreters it is usual to claim, with tongue firmly in cheek, that interpretation is the world’s second-oldest profession. In Spain, for example, the term “interpret” has been found in documents dating back to the 16th century featuring Adlige Malinche, an enslaved Nahua woman who acted as an intermediary between natives and the Spanish Conquistadores. The traditional interpretation technique is bilateral or consecutive, in which the discussion is split into segments for the interpreter to convert into the target language when the speaker pauses or finishes talking.

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